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| Catalyst catastrophes in hydrogen plants |
John R Brightling, Peter V Broadhurst and Mike P Roberts, Johnson Matthey Catalysts
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2006 / Q1 |
Processing mishaps can occur if catalyst is placed in abnormal conditions. These catastophes include temperature runaways, the formation of toxic nickel carbonyl, steam-reforming disasters, unplanned exotherms and side reactions.
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| Improving gas flow measurement |
Dave Ferguson and Simon Xu, Quest TruTec LP
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2006 / Q1 |
An on-site gas meter proving method, based on the radioactive tracer pulse velocity technique, can help reduce gas flow rate measurement errors, especially in large-diamter pipelines in natural gas transmission and refinery flare systems.
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| Increasing FCC propylene |
M Lesemann, W C Cheng, James R D Nee, Sergio Sobrinos and Gordon H McElhiney, Grace Davison Refining Technologies.
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2006 / Q1 |
ZSM-5-based catalysts are being used in FCCUs to increase propylene yields by as much at 15%. Case studies demonstrate technology capable of providing coke - or LPG - constrained FCCUs more flexibility
to improve propylene yields.
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| Meeting Euro IV fuel specifications |
Georgy Andonov, stefan Petrov, Dicho Stratiev, Lukoil Neftochim Bourgas AD Per Zeuthen, Haldor Topsoe A/S
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2006 / Q1 |
Pretreating technology and special catalysts can help refiners meet the current and forthcoming European environmental regulations and improve their FCCU performance. HDS and MHC modes of pretreater operation are compared.
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| Octanizing reformer options |
Bruno Domergue and Pierre-Yves le Goff, Axens
Jay Ross, Axens NA
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2006 / Q1 |
Staged investment and reformer technology improvement strategies are available for increasing hydrogen production, cycle time and reliability. Options include revamps to SR reformers and hybrid SR/CCR Dualformers, as well as new CCR unit investments.
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| Increasing crude unit preheat |
Scott W Golden & Steve White, Process Consulting Services Inc |
2006 / Q1 |
Cost-effective exchanger network solutions, designed to increase crude
preheat temperature and reduce energy consumption, need to rely on more
than just pinch technology if theyt are to be successful.
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| Upgrading heavy oil products |
David K Lifschultz, Genoil Ltd
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2006 / Q1 |
Until recently, hydrogen addition-based technology and carbon rejection upgrading technology have been hindered by their low potential profitability, owing to high capital costs and low price spreads between light and heavy oil products.
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| Hydrogen management |
Axel Duker, Sud-Chemie AG Rainer Basse, Uhde GmbH
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2006 / Q1 |
Several possibilities exist for the recovery of hydrogen from offgases and the processing of different sources of refinery gases through the hydrogen plant. Catalysts play an important role in efficient hydrogen generation and recovery.
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| Refinery LP modelling |
O P Raghav, S Manchanda, K K Jain and M K Sahdev, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd
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2006 / Q1 |
Experiences in the development and usage of refinery RPMS model, with a focus on refinery planning and optimisation, which is a key component of supply chain management. LP methodology has shown potential margin benefits of 15-20 cents/bbl.
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| Reducing refinery energy costs |
Diego Ruiz Massa and Carlos Ruiz Garcia, Soteica Europe SL David Nelson and Gary Roseme, Nelson & Roseme Inc Manuel Lazaro Melendez and Maria Sartaguda Pardos, Repsol Petroleo SA
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2006 / Q1 |
An online steam management program can help refineries manage their steam and utility systems more energy efficiently and reduce their operating costs through optimisation and monitoring.
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| Control room consolidation: Part I |
Bob shepard, Invensys Process Systems
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2006 / Q1 |
Identification of operating factors to consider when consolidating a group of distributed control rooms. Automation technology combined with work environment, processes and labour can help rationalise plant operations.
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| Safety lifecycle tools integration |
John Cusimano, Siemens A&D AS Global Process Safety Initiative Iwan van Beurden, exida
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2006 / Q1 |
Cause and effect programming plus reliability calculation tools can be used to improve process plant safety as well as reduce engineering and commissioning costs. Benefits to the user in terms of engineering and commissioning hours saved are discussed.
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| Refinery CO2 challenges |
R Michiel Spooor, KBC Process Technology Ltd
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2006 / Q1 |
How much CO2 can a refinery release into the atmosphere? This is just one of the many challenges facing refineries now and in the future when it comes to reducing CO2 emmisions.
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| Advances in naphtha steam cracking |
Tony Pavone, SRI Consulting
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2006 / Q1 |
A review of technology developments being incorporated in state-of-the-art naphtha steam crackers. Incremental upgrades to improve safety, environmental performance, manufacturing excellence and profitability to existing steam crackers are discussed.
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| Measuring volumetric flow |
Keven Conrad, Endress & Hauser Inc Joel Clancy, CEESI Iowa High Flow Test Facility
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2006 / Q1 |
The extended application of Coriolis meters for measuring natural gas minimises the uncertainties associated with volumetric flow measurement. Installation requirements and overall cost can also be simplified and reduced.
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