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| Catalyst bed protection |
Wouter Bos, Dahlman Filter Technology
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2006 / Catalysis |
Feedstock filtration upstream of the hydrotreating and hydrocracking processes can effectively protect the catalyst beds from fouling, and consequently increase cycle length and prevent premature shutdowns.
More
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| Catalyst performance monitoring. |
Steve Philoon, UOP LLC
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2006 / Catalysis |
A web-based catalyst performance-monitoring tool can improve profitability. The CPM system enables the process engineer to spend his time optimising the catalyst performance in the unit rather than manipulating data.
More
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| Precious metals recovery |
Horst Meyer, Uli Blankenstein and J P Rosso, W C Hereaus GmbH
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2006 / Catalysis |
The recovery of platinum and other precious metals from spent reforming
catalysts is essential. Of special significance are fast cycle times
and high return rates from precious metals refiners.
More
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| Investigating hydrotreater performance |
Dave Ferguson and Mike Flenniken, Quest TruTec LP
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2006 / Catalysis |
A discussion of the techniques for on-line investigations of feed/effluent exchangers and operating reactors. On-line investigation of diesel hydrotreating units can identify the causes of poor performance in catalyst beds.
More
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| Achieving clean fuels objectives |
Jeffrey Sexton, Kenneth M Barnes and Ron L Cordle, Marathon Petroleum Company LLC Joe B McLean, C J Farley and James C Fu, Engelhard Corporation
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2006 / Catalysis |
Use of gasoline sulphur reduction catalyst technology in refinery applications is discussed. One refinery shows how high bottoms conversion, gasoline and light olefin yield objectives can be achieved while maintaining a profitability focus.
More
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| Avoiding FCC regenerator upsets |
David A Hunt and Adam Kasle, Grace Davison |
2006 / Catalysis |
A step-wise investigation into the causes of regenerator catalyst losses. Examination of all unit operating conditions indicates that lowering the regenerator bed level will eliminate catalyst upsets and increase unit charge rates.
More
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| Troubleshooting ZSM-5 in the FCC |
Solly Ismail, Engelhard Corporation
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2006 / Catalysis |
While using a ZSM-5 additive to increase propylene, one refiner experienced increases in FCC dry gas, coke and slurry oil, even at a reduced reactor temperature. Operational problems were identified and process strategies adjusted to increase LPG yields.
More
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| Improving FCC catalyst performance |
Michael K Maholland, Intercat Inc
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2006 / Catalysis |
Higher volumes of heavier feeds can be processed with additives designed to enhance base catalyst effectiveness. Deactivation and dehydrogenation problems are avoided, while catalyst selectivity and stability are preserved.
More
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| Improvement in FCC pretreatment catalysts |
Vito F Bavaro, Fernando Maldonado, David McNamara and Kevin Carlson, Criterion Catalysts & Technologies
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2006 / Catalysis |
A new NiMo catalyst designed for processing severe FCC feeds can surpass the performance achieved with previous-generation NiMo catalysts, increasing FCC unit conversion and improving the catalyst's lifecycle value.
More
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| Maximising octane |
Lars K Skyum, Haldor Topsoe A/S |
2006 / Catalysis |
A large number of existing diesel hydrotreaters are operated at pressures below 30 bar. The catalyst used for production of ULSD in these hydrotreaters differs from catalyst formulations that perform well at higher pressures.
More
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| Profitable resid processing |
Larry Hunt, Grace Davison
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2006 / Catalysis |
As more refiners process a higher percentage of residual feedstock, FCC catalyst technology can help refiners processing resids overcome any negative effects on unit operation and operate more profitably and efficiently.
More
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| Optimising multi-tubular reactors |
Cliff Johns, TubeMaster Inc
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2006 / Catalysis |
Performance of multi-tubular catalyst reactors in the petrochemical industry can be improved with a combination of strategies. Among the strategies to be discussed is catalyst-loading technology.
More
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| Fischer-Tropsch and GTL update |
Rene G Gonzalez
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2006 / Catalysis |
Slurry phase Fischer-Tropsch reactor configurations appear to be generally favoured by most technology developers. Recent cobalt-based catalyst developments are accelerating gas-to-liquids commercialisation.
More
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| Producing lubes and fuels |
Charlie Wills and Art Dahlberg, Chevron Lummus Global
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2006 / Catalysis |
Hydrocracking is beneficial when producing both feed for lube base stocks and fuels. The integration of Isocracking/Isodewaxing catalysts with process for the production of premium lubricant base oils by hydroprocessing is discussed.
More
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| Catalyst catastrophes in hydrogen plants |
John R Brightling, Peter V Broadhurst and Mike P Roberts, Johnson Matthey Catalysts
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2006 / Q1 |
Processing mishaps can occur if catalyst is placed in abnormal conditions. These catastophes include temperature runaways, the formation of toxic nickel carbonyl, steam-reforming disasters, unplanned exotherms and side reactions.
More
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| Improving gas flow measurement |
Dave Ferguson and Simon Xu, Quest TruTec LP
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2006 / Q1 |
An on-site gas meter proving method, based on the radioactive tracer pulse velocity technique, can help reduce gas flow rate measurement errors, especially in large-diamter pipelines in natural gas transmission and refinery flare systems.
More
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| Increasing FCC propylene |
M Lesemann, W C Cheng, James R D Nee, Sergio Sobrinos and Gordon H McElhiney, Grace Davison Refining Technologies.
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2006 / Q1 |
ZSM-5-based catalysts are being used in FCCUs to increase propylene yields by as much at 15%. Case studies demonstrate technology capable of providing coke - or LPG - constrained FCCUs more flexibility
to improve propylene yields.
More
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| Meeting Euro IV fuel specifications |
Georgy Andonov, stefan Petrov, Dicho Stratiev, Lukoil Neftochim Bourgas AD Per Zeuthen, Haldor Topsoe A/S
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2006 / Q1 |
Pretreating technology and special catalysts can help refiners meet the current and forthcoming European environmental regulations and improve their FCCU performance. HDS and MHC modes of pretreater operation are compared.
More
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| Octanizing reformer options |
Bruno Domergue and Pierre-Yves le Goff, Axens
Jay Ross, Axens NA
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2006 / Q1 |
Staged investment and reformer technology improvement strategies are available for increasing hydrogen production, cycle time and reliability. Options include revamps to SR reformers and hybrid SR/CCR Dualformers, as well as new CCR unit investments.
More
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| Increasing crude unit preheat |
Scott W Golden & Steve White, Process Consulting Services Inc |
2006 / Q1 |
Cost-effective exchanger network solutions, designed to increase crude
preheat temperature and reduce energy consumption, need to rely on more
than just pinch technology if theyt are to be successful.
More
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| Upgrading heavy oil products |
David K Lifschultz, Genoil Ltd
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2006 / Q1 |
Until recently, hydrogen addition-based technology and carbon rejection upgrading technology have been hindered by their low potential profitability, owing to high capital costs and low price spreads between light and heavy oil products.
More
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| Hydrogen management |
Axel Duker, Sud-Chemie AG Rainer Basse, Uhde GmbH
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2006 / Q1 |
Several possibilities exist for the recovery of hydrogen from offgases and the processing of different sources of refinery gases through the hydrogen plant. Catalysts play an important role in efficient hydrogen generation and recovery.
More
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| Refinery LP modelling |
O P Raghav, S Manchanda, K K Jain and M K Sahdev, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd
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2006 / Q1 |
Experiences in the development and usage of refinery RPMS model, with a focus on refinery planning and optimisation, which is a key component of supply chain management. LP methodology has shown potential margin benefits of 15-20 cents/bbl.
More
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| Reducing refinery energy costs |
Diego Ruiz Massa and Carlos Ruiz Garcia, Soteica Europe SL David Nelson and Gary Roseme, Nelson & Roseme Inc Manuel Lazaro Melendez and Maria Sartaguda Pardos, Repsol Petroleo SA
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2006 / Q1 |
An online steam management program can help refineries manage their steam and utility systems more energy efficiently and reduce their operating costs through optimisation and monitoring.
More
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| Control room consolidation: Part I |
Bob shepard, Invensys Process Systems
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2006 / Q1 |
Identification of operating factors to consider when consolidating a group of distributed control rooms. Automation technology combined with work environment, processes and labour can help rationalise plant operations.
More
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| Safety lifecycle tools integration |
John Cusimano, Siemens A&D AS Global Process Safety Initiative Iwan van Beurden, exida
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2006 / Q1 |
Cause and effect programming plus reliability calculation tools can be used to improve process plant safety as well as reduce engineering and commissioning costs. Benefits to the user in terms of engineering and commissioning hours saved are discussed.
More
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| Refinery CO2 challenges |
R Michiel Spooor, KBC Process Technology Ltd
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2006 / Q1 |
How much CO2 can a refinery release into the atmosphere? This is just one of the many challenges facing refineries now and in the future when it comes to reducing CO2 emmisions.
More
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| Advances in naphtha steam cracking |
Tony Pavone, SRI Consulting
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2006 / Q1 |
A review of technology developments being incorporated in state-of-the-art naphtha steam crackers. Incremental upgrades to improve safety, environmental performance, manufacturing excellence and profitability to existing steam crackers are discussed.
More
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| Measuring volumetric flow |
Keven Conrad, Endress & Hauser Inc Joel Clancy, CEESI Iowa High Flow Test Facility
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2006 / Q1 |
The extended application of Coriolis meters for measuring natural gas minimises the uncertainties associated with volumetric flow measurement. Installation requirements and overall cost can also be simplified and reduced.
More
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| Increasing Value of ULSD assets |
Justin Swain, Criterion Catalysts & Technologies |
2006 / Q2 |
Two new proprietary catalyst manufacturing technologies have been developed that provide a range of products, extending ULSD performance and operational flexibility beyond the level delivered by current technology.
More
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| Crude column relief design |
Uwe Nagel, OMV Deutschland GmbH Howard B Jemison and Cal Depew, SimSci-Esscor Ralph-Uwe Dietrich, Invensys Process Systems
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2006 / Q2 |
Examination of a crude unit's behaviour using a dynamic model can provide significant insight into the operation and transient behaviour of the process, preventing unnecessary investments in relief system upgrades.
More
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| Enhancing FCC performance |
Carel Pouwels, Albemarle Catalysts Company BV
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2006 / Q2 |
Laboratory data demonstrates the performance of catalyst technology designed to address the three fundamentals of heavy feed cracking: coke and dry gas selectivity, metals tolerance and bottoms upgrading.
More
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| Metathesis for maximum propylene |
Robert J Gartside and Marvin I Greene, ABB Lummus Global
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2006 / Q2 |
Using metathesis technology to process refinery-based C4 feedstocks can maximise propylene. The economic advantages of flow schemes using alpha-olefins, such as ethylene or isobutylene, in the metathesis reaction with C4 olefins are discussed.
More
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| Residue desulphurisation and conversion |
Cecile Plain and Eric Benazzi, Axens Denis Guillaume, IFP
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2006 / Q2 |
Technology and market imperatives converge to enhance residue desulphurisation and conversion value. The current market forces that presage a boom in resid hydrotreatment are examined along with recently reported progress in technology.
More
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| Processing resid through FCCUs |
Warren Letzsch, Shaw Stone & Webster Inc Derek Lawler, Shaw Stone & Webster Inc |
2006 / Q2 |
While residual feeds can be run in any FCCU, it is important to consider the riser design, termination selection and stripper technology along with independent two-stage regeneration to minimise catalyst deactivation.
More
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| Converting SO2 to elemental sulphur |
Mahin Rameshni and Stephen Santo, WorleyParsons
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2006 / Q2 |
Historically available processes for large-scale SO2 recovery as elemental sulphur are inherently problematic in terms of operability, emissions, product quality and fuel consumption. An SO2 reduction process can overcome these drawbacks.
More
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| Residue upgrading |
Edward J Houde, UOP LLC Michael J McGrath, Foster Wheeler, USA
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2006 / Q2 |
An examination into the feedstock and process conditions where solvent deasphalting is the most appropriate technology for upgrading residue. Process variables, key design issues and finding a use for the SDA pitch are discussed.
More
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| Process burner spacing |
Mahmoud Fleifil, Michael Lorra, Charles E Baukal, Jeff A Lewallen and Daniel E Wright, John Zink Company LLC
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2006 / Q2 |
Burner-to-burner interaction can increase NOx emissions and cause flame impingement on process tubes. Predictive tools and rules of thumb have been developed to help identify when there may be interaction problems.
More
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| Fitness for service assessment |
Lynne Sharp and Jonathan Cook, ABB Engineering Services
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2006 / Q2 |
Case studies show how fitness for service assessment was used to assure the mechanical integrity of a natural gas absorber on a cyclic duty and a low-temperature liquid ammonia storage tank.
More
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| Designing vacuum units |
Scott W Golden and Tony Barletta, Process Consulting Services Inc
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2006 / Q2 |
When designing vacuum units for processing heavy Canadian crudes, reliability cost can be high if the feedstock's thermal instability is not fully appreciated. Process design considerations affecting VGO yield and quality are discussed.
More
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| Comparing packing efficiencies |
Mark Pilling and Nina Prohorenko-Johnson, Sulzer Chemtech USA Inc
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2006 / Q2 |
In mechanically demanding applications, grid packing can help control costs and product degradation. Important parameters such as grid surface area and its effect on efficiency are discussed.
More
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| Applying chemical cleaning solutions |
Bruce R Jansen, Refined Technologies
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2006 / Q2 |
The use of specially formulated cleaning chemistry applied to distillation columns, heat exchangers, pumps and other key processing equipment can improve operation margins.
More
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| Recovering pure aromatics |
Thomas Diehl, Barbel Kolbe and Helmut Gehrke, Uhde GmbH
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2006 / Q2 |
The recovery of pure aromatics feedstocks such as reformate of pyrolysis gasoline through solvent-based extractive distillation. The efficiency, purities and yields of a single-column extractive distillation configuration based on actual plant results are discussed.
More
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| Refinery CO2 challenges: part II |
Joris Mertens, KBC Process Technology Ltd
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2006 / Q2 |
CO2 emissions and hydrogen production costs in hydrogen plants. Understanding how the impact of unit configuration, operation conditions, feed type, fuel costs and other cost factors set the cost of hydrogen production.
More
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| Applying ultra-low-NOx burners |
Simon Barendregt, Iek Risseeuw and Frank Waterreus, Technip Benelux
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2006 / Q2 |
Application of computational fluid dynamics in the design of a high-flux ethylene furnace equipped with ultra-low NOx vortex burners. The fundamental kinetics mechanisms that are important in NOx formation under combustion are described.
More
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| Reducing refinery SOx emissions |
Eric Butler, Kate Groves and John Hymanyk, Chevron Canada Ltd
Michael Maholland, Patric A Clark and Guido Aru, Intercat Inc
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2006 / Q3 |
Through an extensive study and 18-month trial, a Canadian refinery chose SOx reduction additive technology to reduce its SOx emissions. Variations in FCCU operating conditions and changes in SO2 emissions targets were taken into consideration.
More
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| Benchmarking FCC operations |
C J Farley and Dennis Newell, Engelhard Corporation
Atula V Saraf, Astron International Inc
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2006 / Q3 |
Benchmarking is an important tool in routine FCC data evaluations. It can be used to validate unit data as well as identify areas for improved performance and show important shifts in FCC operation due to catalyst, technology or feedstock changes.
More
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| FCC safety and reliability |
Eric W Hennings, Shaw Stone & Webster
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2006 / Q3 |
Inbuilt design and operational safety practice in fluid catalytic cracking. Changes to FCC processing over time are described with examples of improvements. Safety instrumentation is discussed, along with the best way of operating the vapour line blind.
More
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| Profiting with FCC feestock diversity |
Natalie Petti, Larry Hunt and George Yaluris, Grace Davison.
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2006 / Q3 |
Despite the availability of hardware for treating FCC feedstocks to comply with clean fuel regulations, gasoline sulphur-reduction catalysts and additives can provide additional options and flexibility while maximising refinery profitability.
More
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| Hydrocracker fractionation modification |
Ken Sherman, Dino Chakraborty, Sam Pun and Vince Guarrasi, Colt Engineering
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2006 / Q3 |
Modification of a hydrocracking unit's fractionation section was re-evaluted and an alternative processing scheme developed, which reduced the total installation cost by almost 50% while mitigating safety annd metallurgical concerns.
More
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| Coke drum design |
Coby W Stewart, Aaron M Stryk and Lee Presley, CB&I
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2006 / Q3 |
Issues to consider for extending the turnaround schedule of a delayed coking unit. Theory behind coke drum failure is discussed, with detailed solutions centred on drum design and support structures.
More
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| Evaluating wet scrubbers |
Edwin H Weaver, Belco Technologies Corporation.
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2006 / Q3 |
The use of both regenerative and non-regenerative wet scrubbing systems to control the emission of particulate and SO2 is well proven and established. Several scenarios, design and selection criteria for each type of system are discussed.
More
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| Refining developments and aromatics prospects |
Andy Nicholson, DeWitt & Co Inc
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2006 / Q3 |
Catalytic reforming will be of growing importance as a source of aromatics. Capacity constraints will underpin aromatics prices for the next three to five years, while the location of refining capacity will dictate future aromatics investment.
More
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| Improving sulphur recovery units |
Steven F Meyer and Christina Kulczycki, MECS
Ed Juno, Sinclair Oil Corporation Nick Watts, CEntry Constructors and Engineers
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2006 / Q3 |
A new alternative to the Claus unit tail gas treatment has been found in the wet gas scrubber. This can maintain or increase acid gas feed rates to the front end of the sulphur recovery unit, while reducing SO2 emissions.
More
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| Optimised procedural operations |
Richard Kucharyson, Honeywell.
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2006 / Q3 |
More focus is now being placed on procedure effectiveness in the management of abnormal situations and process state changes. This helps to increase profitability as well as provide safer and more effective operations.
More
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| Furnace combustion management |
Gino DiSimone, SEI Inc
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2006 / Q3 |
Results-driven innovation is yielding record-breaking advances. Six Sigma methods are being employed with smart metrology to push the envelope of efficiency beyond what was thought to be possibe. Measurement is the first, fundamental step.
More
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| Refinery CO2 challenges: Part III |
Joris N Mertens, Klaas Minks and R Michiel Spoor, KBC Process Technology
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2006 / Q3 |
For the prediction of CO2 emissions from a refinery, simple correlations are not always sufficient. A rigorous simulation tool that includes fractionation and reactor models can help to obtain a correct prediction fo the total emissions.
More
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| Improving hydrogen plant operations |
Gene Yeh and Hamad Sobhi, Saudi Aramco
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2006 / Q3 |
Identification of potential steam reformer tube hot spots and recommendations for better operation of the hydrogen plant in general. Measures taken to prevent water carryover to reforming catalyst and catalyst-loading technology are included.
More
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| Optimising ethylene plant compressors |
Krishnan Narayanan, Compressor Controls Corporation
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2006 / Q3 |
An integrated turbomachinery control system can overcome ethylene plant process constraints by operating closer to the compressor's presure limits, which can have a significant economic impact on a plant's operating revenues and bottom line.
More
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| Rejuvenation process for compressors |
Nicole Retz and Georg Samland, Burckhardt Compression AG
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2006 / Q3 |
Two case studies try to assess how much expenditure of time is warranted when checking old parts subject to high loads, and show that a generalised statement concerning the need for complex structural analysis is not possible.
More
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| Reducing rotating equipment downtime |
Jim Crissman and John Gobert, Valero Refining Company
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2006 / Q3 |
A managed lube oil programme can substantially reduce the maintenance costs of critical machines, such as compressors, turbines, electric motors and pumps, especially when combined with expanded preventive maintenance.
More
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| Revamps 2006 |
Rene G Gonzalez, PTQ.
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2006 / Revamps |
Today's refinery revamps are commissioned with the aim of increasing transportation fuel production by adding
conversion capacity. Higher reactor capacity needs significant scope to improve the throughput and efficiency of associated product recovery systems.
More
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| Vacuum unit pressure control |
Tony Barletta, Process Consulting Services Inc
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2006 / Revamps |
Nowhere is attention to detail more important than in vacuum column presure control. Operational issues such as higher heater duty and column pressure must be weighted against avoiding residue entrainmnet in HVGO.
More
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| Distributor design and testing |
Deepak Dhabalia and Mark Pilling, Sulzer Chemtech Inc.
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2006 / Revamps |
A new main fractionator designed to separate a range of feed streams incorporates multiple layers of structured packing and a slurry section. Flow testing to verify the distribution quality of the column distributors is essential.
More
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| Fast-tracking an FCC revamp |
Michael Whatley, Navajo Refining Company
Scott Golden and Tony Barletta, Process Consulting Services
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2006 / Revamps |
The design, detailed engineering and installatioin of one revamp took just four-and-a-half months. Unit feed rate, product recovery and product quality objectives were all met after the revamp.
More
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| Improving FCCU conversion and yields |
Warren S Letzsch, Shaw Stone & Webster Inc
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2006 / Revamps |
A revamp of a Romanian FCCU included the replacement of old equipment, such as a hot wall reactor with a cold wall design, which significantly improved yields, operation and reliability.
More
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| Main fractionator water wash systems |
Christopher F Dean, Saudi Aramco Scott W Golden, Process Consulting Services Inc
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2006 / Revamps |
When properly designed and operated, main fractionator wash water systems can remove salt with little upset. Misconceptions concerning the minimum column overhead temperature and operation when producing FCC heavy naphtha are discussed.
More
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| Increasing deisobutaniser capacity |
Guiseppe Mosca, Gitta Van Hemel and Roberto Tocco, Sulzer Chemtech Bruno Lestrade, Total Group
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2006 / Revamps |
Insight into procedures and details involving a distillation revamp can be gained by looking at a project carried out on a deisobutaniser unit separating isobutane from normal butane and heavier hydrocarbons.
More
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| Vacuum heater installation |
Giampiero Caronno, Foster Wheeler Italiana SpA
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2006 / Revamps |
One refinery has proved it is possible to revamp any process unit by modification and/or replacement of key process equipment in situ. The project was completed in less than 12 months and included a 350-ton fired heater module.
More
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| Digitising plants using laser scanning |
James McGill, Quantapoint
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2006 / Revamps |
In a typical revamp situation, a lack of accurate as-built documentation is frequently encountered. Digitising plants using laser scanning can provide detailed unit dimensional and layout information, as well as yield significant ROI.
More
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| Integrating power recovery into FCCU operations |
Keith Couch, Leonard Bell and John Yarborough, UOP LLC
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2006 / Q4 |
Case studies of FCC flue gas power-recovery systems, beginning with traditional maximum electrical power generation configurations. New PRTs are presented, with a focus on reducing total erected cost and optimised energy integrations with improved ROI.
More
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| Risk-based maintenance |
Brian G Hudson, ABB Engineering Services
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2006 / Q4 |
Top-down approach case studies use qualitative and semi-quantitative asessment models to build a picture of risk, review current mitigation and identify immediate action to improve risk management and increase reliability.
More
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| Refinery CO2 challenges: part IV |
Vicente de Pablo Burna, CEPSA Gibraltar Refinery
Jem Hart and Allan Rudman, KBC Process Technology Ltd
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2006 / Q4 |
Reducing CO2 emissions with a strategic energy-improvement programme. The strategic energy review approach is summarised and results from recent studies conducted at a European refinery are discussed.
More
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| Benchmarking og linear programming |
J C M (Hans) Hartmann, Hans C M Hartmann Refinery Consultancy
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2006 / Q4 |
As the preferred decision-support-tool for the oil industry supply chain, benchmarking of linear programming is as important as benchmarking actual refinery operations.
More
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| Hydrogen sourcing for refinery expansions |
Dennis A Vauk, Air Liquide Large Industries US LP
Pietro Di Zanno, Air Liquide SA
Scott Savage, Air Liquide Large Industries US LP
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2006 / Q4 |
Many factors influence the decision to build or outsource the supply of hydrogen. Synergies obtained from a third-party OTF supply should be evaluated in addtion to typical recovery routes from fuel gas, revamped SMRs or new SMR projects.
More
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| Control room consolidation part II: design trends |
Bob Shepard, Invensys Process Systems
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2006 / Q4 |
Part I identified the operating factors to consider when consolidating a group of distributed control rooms. Part II explores the design and systemic measures that can enchance productivity while satisfying needs for process safety and risk management.
More
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| Managing training simulator projects |
Nick Harbud, Foster Wheeler Energy Ltd
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2006 / Q4 |
Operator training simulators are not cheap, yet their value in preparing personnel for the fast startup and operation of new process plants is significant. Tight control of information and a well-manageed OTS supplier are key to success.
More
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| Evaluating opportunity crude processing |
Thomas W Yeung, Hydrocarbon Publishing Company
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2006 / Q4 |
Is processing opportunity crudes for every refiner? Technical challenges and economic benefits from processing high-acid crudes and botton-of-the-barrel feedstocks are identified.
More
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| Selective asphaltene removal from heavy oil |
Keng H Chung, Zhiming Xu, Xuewen Sun, Suoqi Zhao and Chunming Xu, China State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing.
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2006 / Q4 |
Case study of a selective asphaltene extraction process for heavy crude or residuum. Desirable oil components are recovered and the asphaltene-free heavies can be processed in conventional refining operations.
More
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| Overcoming unpredictable industry challenges |
Frank Whitsura, Honeywell Process Solutions
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2006 / Q4 |
Integrated solutions help refiners overcome unpredictable industry challenges. through a continuous improvement cycle, refiners can derive insight from the plan, perform and perfect stages.
More
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| Integrated expander control system |
Krishnan Naryanan and Farooq Sheikh, Compressor Controls Corporation
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2006 / Q4 |
Commissioning of an integrated turbomachinery controls system at a world-scale PTA plant. The expander control system requirements described are applicable to power recovery trains found in process units with hot-gas energy.
More
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| Automating natural gas-processing plants |
William A Poe, Invensys Process Systems-Global Solutions
Saeid Mokhatab, University of Wyoming
|
2006 / Q4 |
Gas processors can gain competitive advantage by adopting aggressive automation initiatives. Automation could make the difference between a profitable and non-profitable asset in the future.
More
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| Amino acid-based refinery gas treatment |
Mauricio Grobys and Rupert Wagner, BASF AG
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2006 / Q4 |
Amine-based solvents are a good option if the co-absorption of feed gas components other than acid gases causes major problems for the efficiency and reliability of the gas-treating process in a refinery.
More
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| SWOT analysis of the LNG industry |
David Wood, David Wood & Associates
|
2006 / Q4 |
A comprehensive list of generic SWOT topics for the LNG industry is presented with summaries of the key issues influencing the industry. This should provide a useful starting point for the analysis of specific supply chains.
More
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| Troubleshooting a refinery fuel gas treater |
Nathan A Hatcher and Alfred E Keller, ConocoPhillips Company
Ralph H Weiland and M S Sivasubramanian, Optimized Gas Treating Inc
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2006 / Q4 |
The effect of solvent contaminants on treating plant performance and the importance of basing simulations on actual solvent analyses are shown through the successful troubleshooting of an MDEA-based fuel gas H2S-treating system.
More
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| Adsorption and regeneration on molecular sieves |
Anders F Carlsson, Ruud H M Herold and C J Smith, Shell Global Solutions International BV
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2006 / Q4 |
Optimal regeneration of a molecular sieve bed in a dehydration unit can help prevent liquid water formation. A generalised adsorption and regeneration program for optimising dehydration units at LNG plants is presented.
More
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| Calculating light alkanes solubility in TEG |
Alireza Bahadori, National Iranian South Oil Company (NISOC)
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2006 / Q4 |
Plant model covering full range of dehydration plant operation conditions and experimental data estimate the amount of CH4, C2H6 and C3H8 absorbed per volume of TEG circulation vs partial pressure of light alkanes and absorber temperature.
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